The 6 Types of Architects You’ll Encounter in Any Major Project

These days, it’s all about niche specializations—and, honestly, who can blame us? Focusing on one specific skill or domain is how professionals become the crème de la crème. But this laser focus also means that a single job, once handled by a Jack-of-all-trades, now requires multiple experts, each with their own unique skill.

Is it worth it? Absolutely. You get top-tier quality because each part of your project is managed by someone who lives and breathes that specific element. However, it also means companies must hire more professionals for a job that was once handled by one—even if that one was a bit mediocre. The result is the best quality available, with every inch handled by a specialist. But building it becomes a labor of love.

But, like any love story, it’s complicated. Specialization means more people to manage and more experts to coordinate, which can make the process more complex than it used to be. Imagine building a house with six different architects, each focusing on their own area. A headache? Maybe. But the end result? A masterpiece where every detail has been meticulously handled.

In construction and planning, this trend is de rigueur—there are countless architects out there, each with a unique specialty. This article breaks down the six types of architects you’re most likely to encounter in any major project and explores why each one is essential to the final product. Ready to dive in?

1. Residential Architects

These architects are the visionaries behind everything from chic city apartments to suburban homes. They focus on creating spaces that feel like home—balancing aesthetics with comfort. Residential architects handle the details of daily living: room flow, clever storage, and adaptability for different life phases.

For example, Zaha Hadid Architects, known for bold, futuristic designs, redefined residential architecture with projects like the luxurious Opus Tower Residences in Dubai. The design isn’t just striking; it’s practical, with layouts that make living easier and more comfortable.

Why does it matter? A house isn’t just four walls—it’s your sanctuary, and often the biggest investment you’ll make. A residential architect’s role is to translate your dreams into a space that truly works for you, whether that means extra kid-proofing, open-plan living, or that dream kitchen island.

• When to hire: Building or renovating a home, planning a cozy loft, or designing a spacious family home? A residential architect is your go-to.

2. Commercial Architects

These architects are the big thinkers—the ones behind skyscrapers, bustling shopping centers, and office buildings. Commercial architecture isn’t just about the “wow factor” (though that’s part of it); it’s about meeting complex requirements, adhering to zoning laws, and creating spaces functional for high foot traffic.

Consider OMA (Office for Metropolitan Architecture), a global leader in commercial design. Their work on the Seattle Central Library redefined what a library could be, making it a civic landmark and functional public space. The design prioritizes flow, maximizing user engagement while ensuring safety and accessibility.

Commercial architects think beyond aesthetics. They anticipate how people move through a space, where congestion points might occur, and how to create both inviting and efficient environments.

• When to hire: Need an office tower, shopping mall, or hotel? Commercial architects are your team.

3. Landscape Architects

Landscape architects are the green thumbs of the architecture world, creating outdoor spaces that blend nature and design. From serene parks to sprawling gardens, they focus on integrating natural elements into built environments. But it’s not just about planting trees; landscape architects consider sustainability, water management, and local ecosystems.

Think of New York’s High Line, designed by James Corner Field Operations. It’s more than just a park—it’s a transformative urban green space that reimagines an old railway line as a lush public area. The project combines sustainability, social engagement, and stunning aesthetics, making it a model for effective landscape architecture.

Why does it matter? The way a building interacts with its surroundings can make or break its impact. A well-designed landscape enhances property value, improves mental well-being, and reduces energy costs by providing natural cooling and shade.

• When to hire: Anytime you’re integrating outdoor elements, whether it’s a community park, commercial plaza, or rooftop garden.

4. Interior Architects

Not to be confused with interior decorators, interior architects focus on the structural layout of interior spaces. They ensure that building interiors are not only beautiful but also functional, safe, and efficient. Interior architects handle everything from spatial planning to lighting design and material selection, aligning the building’s bones with its aesthetics.

A notable example is Kelly Wearstler’s work on luxury hotels like the Viceroy Santa Monica. Her designs blend practical functionality with opulence, creating interiors that are as functional as they are stunning.

Why are they crucial? The inside of a building is where people spend most of their time. Interior architects ensure that every corner, hallway, and room is both aesthetically pleasing and functional.

• When to hire: For projects prioritizing interiors, like hotels, restaurants, office lobbies, and upscale residential spaces.

5. Industrial Architects

Efficiency is the focus for industrial architects. These professionals specialize in designing factories, warehouses, and other industrial facilities. Although they lack the glamour of other architectural specialties, industrial architects play a crucial role in optimizing production, logistics, and safety.

For example, Tesla’s Gigafactory, designed by Heatherwick Studio, prioritizes workflow efficiency, energy sustainability, and safety regulations. The design enables Tesla to produce lithium-ion batteries at scale while minimizing environmental impact.

What’s the takeaway? Industrial architects design systems that improve workflow and reduce production times, making functional spaces that boost operational efficiency.

• When to hire: Building a manufacturing plant, logistics hub, or any facility where efficiency and safety are top priorities.

6. Urban Designers/Architects

These architects think on a larger scale, focusing on planning entire cities, neighborhoods, and communities. Urban designers integrate infrastructure, zoning laws, public transportation, and green spaces into cohesive designs that support sustainable growth.

The urban redesign of Copenhagen by Jan Gehl is a perfect example. By prioritizing pedestrian and bicycle-friendly spaces, Gehl transformed Copenhagen into one of the most livable cities in the world. His work demonstrates how thoughtful urban design can improve quality of life, reduce congestion, and promote environmental sustainability.

Why are they necessary? A well-planned urban environment can boost economic growth, enhance social well-being, and make cities more resilient to climate change.

• When to hire: For municipal projects, large-scale residential developments, or city planning initiatives.